Last Updated: May 28, 2026
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) defines requirements for wheelchair ramps at commercial and public properties, ensuring accessibility for people of all abilities. Williams Lift Company provides residential and commercial wheelchair ramps near you in New Jersey. Here, we explore the ADA ramp requirements to help make sure your property is in compliance.
Key Takeaways
- The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) outlines guidelines that commercial businesses and public properties must follow in regard to accessibility.
- ADA ramp requirements include a maximum slope of 1:12, a minimum width of 36 inches, and a maximum length of 30 feet before a landing is required.
- Ramps must be slip-resistant, firm, and have landings at the top and bottom.
- Williams Lift Company provides ADA-compliant commercial ramps for businesses and public buildings throughout New Jersey.
What Are the ADA Ramp Slope Requirements?
The ADA has strict requirements for wheelchair ramps, including the slope they must have. The slope is the ratio of vertical height (rise) to horizontal length (run). It can be calculated by dividing the rise by the run.
The maximum allowable slope for ramps is 1:12, which means that for every 1 inch of vertical rise, it needs to be at least 12 inches long. There is also an allowable cross slope, which signifies the side-to-side gradient perpendicular to the direction of travel. It must be less than 1:48. These requirements help ensure that the ramps are not so steep that they would impact the safety of wheelchair users or lead to chairs tipping over. However, there are some exceptions for existing sites with space limitations.
Ramp Length and Width
The ADA also outlines ramp requirements in terms of length and width. For each continuous ramp run, there is a maximum length of 30 feet before a level landing is required. To calculate the ramp length, you need to measure the total vertical rise and divide it by the desired slope ratio (typically the standard of 1:12).
Every ramp must also have a minimum width of 36 inches measured between the handrails (if there are any) or edges. If a ramp has a high traffic volume, turns, or switchbacks, the width may be affected. For example, ramps that have turns or switchbacks generally need to be wider so wheelchair users can maneuver without restraint.
Ramp Landings and Turns
When a ramp needs more than one run, a landing is required between each run. Landings are level platforms that wheelchair users can use to turn or rest. They are required at the top and bottom of each ramp run and at turns. Each landing must be at least as wide as the ramp itself, 36 inches or more, and at least five feet in length. The slope of the landings must not be higher than 1:48 in any direction.
Intermediate landings are resting platforms on long ramps. They are mandated for every 30 inches of vertical rise, and they must be 60 inches wide by 60 inches long where ramps change direction.
Ramp Handrails and Edge Protection
Ramps often have handrails for added safety and support. However, not all ramps require handrails. They are required only when the ramp has a rise greater than 6 inches. When handrails are required, they must be on both sides and continue for the full length of the ramp. Handrails should have rounded edges, smooth gripping surfaces, and be installed at 34 to 38 inches above the ramp surface. There also needs to be a clearance of at least 1.5 inches between the handrail and the wall or any other surface beside the ramp. Handrails must also be able to support a significant amount of weight to withstand people using them for support.
When there are no handrails, there needs to be some sort of edge protection whenever there is a vertical drop-off of more than ½ inch. Edge protection can be a wall, a curb, a curb rail, or an extended floor surface. This allows for safe wheelchair maneuvering.
Textured Surface and Weather Safety
Besides the dimensions and slope of a ramp, the surface must also be considered. A ramp’s surface must be firm, stable, and made with textured, slip-resistant material. It must have proper drainage to prevent water from pooling. Even in icy and wet conditions, ramps need to be properly maintained to ensure slip resistance for individuals using wheelchairs, scooters, walkers, or canes. The ramp surface also needs to be free of any obstacles or features that could lead to tripping.
Why Should You Look to Professionals for Wheelchair Ramps?
Complying with ADA ramp requirements is crucial for commercial properties and public spaces to avoid consequences like fines and reputational damage. Therefore, it’s important to work with experienced professionals when designing or replacing wheelchair ramps. At Williams Lift Company, we have more than 60 years of experience in the industry and are well-versed in ADA compliance. Besides the installation of commercial ramps, we also offer:
- Residential ramps
- Various types of ramps, including modular, threshold, and portable wheelchair ramps
- Wheelchair ramp rentals
Whether you need an ADA-compliant commercial ramp for your business or a portable ramp for residential use, Williams Lift Company is here to provide high-quality, safe, and reliable mobility equipment.
Request a Quote on a Commercial Ramp from Experts Near You in New Jersey
If your commercial property needs an ADA-compliant ramp, Williams Lift Company can help. We provide commercial ramps near you in New Jersey that meet ADA ramp slope requirements. We also offer other mobility equipment, including stair lifts and power lift recliners. Contact us today to learn more about our installation process or to request a quote.
ADA Ramp Requirement FAQ
What does 1:12 slope mean in plain language?
A 1:12 slope means that for every 1 inch of vertical rise (height), the ramp must be at least 12 inches long.
When do I need landings and how big should they be?
You need landings at the top and bottom of ramps, as well as wherever there are turns. The landings must be at least as wide as the ramp itself and at least five feet in length.
What’s the minimum ramp width for wheelchairs and scooters?
The minimum ramp width for wheelchairs and scooters is 36 inches.